Electronic waste refers to disposing of all electronic devices. Over time, the world has grown. Every other day, a new device with new technology replaces the previous one. But what happens to the previous ones? They are disposed of on land to rot. 

There has been rapid growth in Nigeria, hence a rapid increase in the volume of landfills. The overflow of electronics has hazardous and toxic effects on the environment, especially on the people living there, continuously exposed to filth.

In this article, we will explore how a toxic environment and improper waste management ruin a country's future.

THE INCREASING E-WASTE PROBLEM IN NIGERIA 

Africa imports the most electronics, with Nigeria importing over half a million. Hoarding piles of unused computers, mobile phones, fax machines, and other electronic devices lie there. Therefore, an E-waste crisis has emerged.  

However, some people try to get rid of that waste. These locals dig in without any safety kit or knowledge of hazardous chemicals. They take valuable parts from any gadget and sell them for their living; the rest goes to landfills.

INFORMAL RECYCLING IS INJURIOUS TO HEALTH. 

People in Nigeria are actively involved in e-waste recycling. This involves dismantling electronic products by hand, removing valuable parts, and selling them. The waste includes metals such as gold, copper, lead, mercury, and often cadmium.

The process used by locals to extract these substances is injurious. It exposes them to toxic chemicals they often take to their homes. Hence, the widespread of chemicals. 

Moreover, research proves poisonous substances. They have some critical health issues. They might not appear at once but gradually lower your health. 

Polluted air also affects those not exposed to landfills, especially children. Cancer has become more intense in those areas, followed by respiratory issues in children. This type of recycling has prolonged effects on the environment, leading to stunted growth and disabilities.

E-WASTE MANAGEMENT AFFECTS THE SOIL . 

Did you know that the air is not the only thing polluted? Yes, it's alarming that the soil also contains toxins. Authorities in Nigeria should focus on the cost of landfills, which their people will pay. Moreover, the pungent smell that lingers throughout landfills also has side effects.

Toxins emerge when rain pours on landfills. The toxins that arise from the clutter contaminate the soil. It is merged with water offer.  Therefore, they affect and contaminate the soil—the same soil the people of Nigeria feed on with agriculture. In short, the ecosystem is compromised.

E-WASTE TOXINS SPREAD ECONOMICALLY. 

We agree that people are earning their livelihoods from informal e-waste recycling. However, nothing is more priceless than a person's health. Healthcare facilities are expensive and might cost more than what they have received. 

The economic burden rises because polluted agriculture reaps unhealthy people. Moreover, the tourism industry is affected. The pile of trash lingering on the sides of the roads sends a negative message.

Additionally, informal recycling isn't cost-effective, as much material is lost during recovery, and hence, it does not contribute to economic growth. 

INEFFICIENT GOVERNMENT POLICIES AND THEIR SHORTCOMINGS 

Over the years, many communities have taken the environmental impact of E-waste seriously. Thus reaching the government's eyes. Many NGOs initiated programmers to clean the mess up, but all went in vain. 

However, in 2011, the government introduced a policy to improve the country's overall condition. This policy stated extended producer responsibility (EPR). It is functional in many parts of the world to reduce e-waste. According to this policy, the producer takes full responsibility for ending a product's life and recycling it as per its demands. 

Unfortunately, e-waste management reforms could not survive due to a lack of accountability. The policies and their reinforcement by the law remain weak and subtle. Therefore, many rely on traditional e-waste cleanup instead of the revolutionized option. 

Reforms for effective E-waste management for a better future 

To brighten the future, the Nigerian government needs to focus on practical reforms—the type of management that is practical and physically possible, along with reinforcement so the public complies. 

1. Introduction of a formal recycling sector 

Nigeria can help its economy by creating a formal recycling sector in collaboration with other countries. Start by training individuals so they know what they will deal with. This will also enhance financial stability. All of this in a safe environment with essential safety equipment can benefit the country overall. 

2. Strict enforcement of existing policies

There is already an existing policy. All the Nigerian government has to do is enforce the law, hire people to monitor it and violations, and impose penalties on people who do not adhere to it. 

3. Developing infrastructure 

Regardless of anything, a proper infrastructure is essential. Waste management can improve by getting people to invest in Nigeria and creating appropriate recycling infrastructure. The piles collecting on the road end as people incorporate informal and formal ways of recycling. When tools are available and easily accessible, creating an environment doesn't become a hassle. 

4. Creating public awareness and educational platforms

Several NGOs across Africa can team up to educate people about the toxins and their widespread use. E-waste recycling should be taught to everyone. It could be started in school, where everyone is a technology user. Furthermore, there could be government-funded campaigns throughout social media and other media platforms. 

5. Joining hands with international partners

Countries with exceptional e-waste management systems include Switzerland, Norway, Japan, and Germany. With efficient reforms and solid infrastructure, they effectively manage waste. Hence, collaborating with any of these countries can benefit Nigeria in many ways.

Conclusion 

Without significant reforms in e-waste management, Nigeria faces a future plagued by health crises, environmental degradation, and economic challenges. By formalizing the recycling sector, strengthening regulatory frameworks, investing in infrastructure, and promoting public awareness, Nigeria can transform its e-waste problem into an opportunity for sustainable development. Addressing this issue will safeguard the health of current and future generations and protect the country's environmental and economic well-being.